| In vitro: |
| Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2004 Oct;52(10):1235-7. | | A new phenanthrene glycoside and other constituents from Dioscorea opposita.[Pubmed: 15467243] |
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Phytochemical investigation of the rhizome of Dioscorea opposita has led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene glycoside, 3,4,6-trihydroxyphenanthrene-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), and five known compounds, Soyacerebroside I (2), adenosine (3), beta-sitosterol (4), palmitic acid (5) and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (6). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR.
CONCLUSIONS:
Compounds 1-6 exhibited no antifungal activity against the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis. | | Arch Pharm Res. 2008 May;31(5):579-86. | | Cytotoxic constituents of Amanita subjunquillea.[Pubmed: 18481012] | As part of our systematic study of Korean toxic mushrooms, we have investigated the constituents of Amanita subjunquillea.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The column chromatographic separation of the MeOH extract of A. subjunquillea led to the isolation of four ergosterols, two cerebrosides and four cyclopeptides. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods to be (22E,24R)-5alpha,8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,9,22-triene-3beta-ol (1), (22E,24R)-5alpha,8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3beta-ol (2), (22E,24R)-5alpha,6alpha-epoxyergosta-8,22-diene-3beta,7beta-diol (3), (24S)-ergost-7-en-3beta-ol (4), 8,9-dihydroSoyacerebroside I (5), Soyacerebroside I (6), beta-amanitin (7), phalloin (8), alpha-amanitin (9), and phalloidin (10). The compounds 1-6 and 8 were isolated for the first time from this mushroom.
The isolated compounds were evaluated for the cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2 and HCT15 cells.
CONCLUSIONS:
Compound 9 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2 and HCT15 with ED(50) values of 1.47, 0.26, 1.57 and 1.32 microM, respectively. | | J Agric Food Chem. 2016 Feb 24;64(7):1540-8. | | Anti-inflammatory Cerebrosides from Cultivated Cordyceps militaris.[Pubmed: 26853111] |
Cordyceps militaris (bei-chong-chaw, northern worm grass) is a precious and edible entomopathogenic fungus, which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a general booster for the nervous system, metabolism, and immunity. Saccharides, nucleosides, mannitol, and sterols were isolated from this fungus. The biological activity of C. militaris was attributed to the saccharide and nucleoside contents.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, the aqueous methanolic fraction of C. militaris fruiting bodies exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the active fraction led to the isolation of eight compounds, including one new and two known cerebrosides (ceramide derivatives), two nucleosides, and three sterols.
CONCLUSIONS:
Cordycerebroside A (1), the new cerebroside, along with Soyacerebroside I (2) and glucocerebroside (3) inhibited the accumulation of pro-inflammatory iNOS protein and reduced the expression of COX-2 protein in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. This is the first study on the isolation of cerebrosides with anti-inflammatory activity from this TCM. |
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