| In vitro: |
| Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 May;28(5):916-8. | | Inhibitory effects of isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside from Salicornia herbacea on rat lens aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues.[Pubmed: 15863906] | The inhibitory effects of compounds from Salicornia herbacea (Chenopodiaceae) on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues were investigated.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The various fractions from the MeOH extract of S. herbacea were tested for their effects on RLAR in vitro. Among them, the EtOAc fraction was found to exhibit a potent RLAR inhibition (IC(50)=0.75 microg/ml), from which an active principle as a potent AR inhibitor was isolated and its chemical structure was elucidated as isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (1) by spectral analysis. Compound 1 exhibited a potent RLAR inhibition in vitro, its IC(50) being 1.4 microM. Compound 1, when administered orally at 25 mg/kg in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, caused not only a significant inhibition of serum glucose concentration but also sorbitol accumulation in the lenses, red blood cells (RBC), and sciatic nerves.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results indicate that compound 1 from S. herbacea is a leading compound for further study as a new drug for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes and its complications. | | Acta Pol Pharm. 2012 Mar-Apr;69(2):171-7. | | A review of chemistry and biological activities of the genus Aerva--a desert plant.[Pubmed: 22568031] | There are approximately 28 species of Aerva genus, but only a few species are medicinal of which A. persica, A. lanata and A. javanica are of great value.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
A number of flavonol glycosides (e.g., aervanone, kaempferol-3-galactoside, Isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-Glucoside) have been reported from Aerva persica as major phytoconstituents and the minor constituents are β-cyanins (glycine betaine and trigonelline), sterols and carbohydrates. This plant is used as medicinal herb in several traditional systems of medicine all over the world, like diuretic, demulcent, purgative, emetic and tinder. Aerva plants are used to cure ulcer, lithiasis, dropsical affections, eye affection, toothache, headache, in disorders of abdomen and inflammation of internal organs.
CONCLUSIONS:
Roots and flowers are reported to possess hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anthelmintic, analgesic, antimalarial, antivenin activities and medicinal properties against rheumatism and kidney troubles. | | J Nat Med. 2008 Jul;62(3):349-53. | | Antioxidant constituents in the dayflower (Commelina communis L.) and their alpha-glucosidase-inhibitory activity.[Pubmed: 18409066 ] | The dayflower, Commelina communis L., contains 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and (2R,3R,4R,5R)2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP), potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. The extracts and powder of this herb are important food materials for prophylaxis against type 2 diabetes.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Eleven flavonoid glycosides as antioxidants, isoquercitrin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, Isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-Glucoside, glucoluteolin, chrysoriol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, orientin, vitexin, isoorientin, isovitexin, swertisin, and flavocommelin, were identified from the aerial parts of C. communis. Their antioxidant activities were measured using in vitro assays employing the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical- and superoxide radical-scavenging assays.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results showed that glucoluteolin, orientin, isoorientin, and isoquercitrin are the predominant antioxidants in this herb. Moreover, isoquercitrin, isorhamnetine-3-O-rutinoside, vitexin, and swertisin inhibited the activity of alpha-glucosidase from rat intestine. |
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