| In vitro: |
| Food Chem. 2014 Aug 1;156:312-8. | | Degradation of cyanidin-3-rutinoside and formation of protocatechuic acid methyl ester in methanol solution by gamma irradiation.[Pubmed: 24629974] | Anthocyanins are naturally occurring phenolic compounds having broad biological activities including anti-mutagenesis and anti-carcinogenesis.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We studied the effects and the degradation mechanisms of the most common type of anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-rutinoside (cya-3-rut), by using gamma ray. Cya-3-rut in methanol (1mg/ml) was exposed to gamma-rays from 1 to 10kGy. We found that the reddish colour of cya-3-rut in methanol disappeared gradually in a dose-dependent manner and effectively disappeared (>97%) at 10kGy of gamma ray. Concomitantly, a new phenolic compound was generated and identified as a protocatechuic acid methyl ester by liquid chromatography, (1)H, and (13)C NMR.
CONCLUSIONS:
The formation of protocatechuic acid methyl ester increased with increasing irradiation and the amount of protocatechuic acid methyl ester formed by decomposition of cya-3-rut (20μg) at 10kGy of gamma ray was 1.95μg. In addition, the radical-scavenging activities were not affected by gamma irradiation. | | J Nat Prod. 2014 Feb 28;77(2):424-8. | | Sorbicatechols A and B, antiviral sorbicillinoids from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium chrysogenum PJX-17.[Pubmed: 24495078] |
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Two novel sorbicillinoids combining a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane with a 2-methoxyphenol moiety, named sorbicatechols A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the culture of the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium chrysogenum PJX-17, together with the known Protocatechuic acid methyl ester and caffeic acid methyl ester (3). Their structures, including absolute configurations, were assigned by analysis of NMR, MS data, and TDDFT ECD calculations.
CONCLUSIONS:
Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited activities against influenza virus A (H1N1), with IC50 values of 85 and 113 μ M, respectively. |
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