| Description: |
Clemastanin B has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, it exerts its anti-influenza activity by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment. |
| Targets: |
Influenza virus | Immunology & Inflammation related |
| In vitro: |
| J Tradit Chin Med. 2016 Jun;36(3):369-76. | | Antiviral activities against influenza virus (FM1) of bioactive fractions and representative compounds extracted from Banlangen (Radix Isatidis).[Pubmed: 27468553] | To study the antiviral activities of Clemastanin B (CB), epigoitrin, phenylpropanoids portion (PEP) and the mixture of phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and organic acid fractions (PEP ALK OA) from Banlangen (Radix Isatidis).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The experiment consisted of four parts: therapeutic action, prophylaxsis action, inhibition of virus attachment, and direct virucidal action. Cytopathic effect (CPE) and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yI)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) were used to assess antiviral activity. CB, epigoitrin, PEP and PEP ALK OA fractions from Banlangen (Radix Isatidis) extract significantly increased the viability of MDCK cells pre-infected with the virus compared with the virus control group in all the dilutions (P < 0.01). Pretreated with either pure compounds or chemical fractions of Banlangen (Radix Isatidis) extract in all the dilutions significantly improved the viability of MDCK cells (P < 0.01). The inhibition of virus absorption to the host cells by CB, epigoitrin and PEP was in a dose dependent manner.
CONCLUSIONS:
CB, epigoitrin, PEP and PEP ALK OA exert their anti-influenza activity by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment. The primary mode of action of PEP and PEP ALK OA is the inhibition of virus replication. The inhibitory effects on virus attachment and multiplication are the main modes for epigoitrin. |
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| In vivo: |
| J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Nov 18;157:55-61. | | In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Radix Isatidis extract and bioaccessibility of six bioactive compounds after simulated gastro-intestinal digestion.[Pubmed: 25256688] |
Radix Isatidis called "Ban-Lan-Gen" is one of the most commonly-used traditional Chinese medicines for antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antipyretic purposes. Investigate the bioaccessibility of uridine, epigoitrin, adenosine, clemastanin B, indigoticoside A and isolariciresinol as well as the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities during an in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion of the Radix Isatidis extract (RIE).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was adopted to determine the bioaccessibility of six bioactive compounds in RIE. Antioxidant activities of RIE in different digestive stages were determined by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging abilities. Anti-inflammatory activity was assayed by the inhibitions of inflammatory cytokines such as nitrous oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) producted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
The bioaccessibility of uridine, epigoitrin, adenosine, clemastanin B, indigoticoside A and isolariciresinol were 15.38%, 18.28%, 24.01%, 6.50%, 8.65% and 17.78%, respectively. Also, the digestion products still possessed certain antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activity was highly correlated with lignans (clemastanin B, indigoticoside A and isolariciresino). The anti-inflammation activity of the three samples decreased in the order: IN sample (the solution that had diffused into the dialysis tubing)>Nondigested sample (RIE solution)>Gastric sample (post-gastric digestion)>OUT sample (material that remained in the gastro-intestinal tract).
CONCLUSIONS:
Results obtained in this research reveal the amount of bioactive compounds from RIE that could be available for absorption in vivo. The antioxidant activity decreased significantly but the anti-inflammatory activity was enhanced in serum-available fraction after gastro-intestinal digestion in vitro. This study could provide a scientific basis for a deeper pharmacological activity study of Radix Isatidis and a simple method for pharmacodynamic material basis research. |
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