| In vivo: |
| Eur J Pharm Sci. 2014 Oct 1;62:161-70. | | Naringenin adds to the protective effect of L-arginine in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats: favorable modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and nitric oxide.[Pubmed: 24878387] | The present study was directed to investigate the possible modulatory effect of naringenin when co-administered with L-arginine in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Pulmonary hypertension was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). L-arginine (500 mg/kg) and naringenin (50 mg/kg) were orally administered daily, alone and in combination, for 3 weeks. Mean arterial blood pressure, electrocardiography and echocardiography were then recorded and rats were sacrificed and serum was separated for determination of total nitrate/nitrite level. Right ventricles and lungs were isolated for estimation of oxidative stress markers, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, total nitrate/nitrite and transforming growth factor-beta. Myeloperoxidase and caspase-3 activities in addition to endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression were also determined. Moreover, histological analysis of pulmonary arteries and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area was performed. Combined therapy provided a significant improvement in L-arginine protective effect toward preserving hemodynamic changes and alleviating oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic markers induced by monocrotaline treatment. Furthermore, combined therapy prevented monocrotaline-induced changes in endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression as well as histological analysis compared with either treatment alone.
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, naringenin significantly adds to the protective effect of L-arginine in pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline in rats. | | Ann Emerg Med. 2001 Feb;37(2):175-80. | | Role of surgical intervention in the management of crotaline snake envenomation.[Pubmed: 11174236 ] | Crotaline venoms produce various toxic effects. Although these are most commonly treated with specific antivenoms, surgical management of snakebite has also been practiced for many years.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Surgical approaches to pit viper envenomation include incision or excision of the bite site, fasciotomy, and digit dermotomy. The evidence regarding each of these procedures is sparse; however, incision or excision of the bite site are difficult to advocate.
CONCLUSIONS:
Fasciotomy and digit dermotomy may be appropriate in carefully selected patients. |
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