| In vitro: |
| Biological Mass Spectrometry, 2010, 12(4):163-169. | | Identification of urinary 3‐ethoxy‐4‐hydroxybenzoic and 3‐ethoxy‐4‐hydroxymandelic acids after dietary intake of ethyl vanillin.[Reference: WebLink] | The activation of the Agrobacterium virulence system is known to be induced by certain phenolic compounds.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We have tested the vir-inducing ability of fifty compounds, by using a virB-lacZ gene fusion, and analysed the relationship between structure and activity of these compounds. In this way we have identified several new vir -inducers: coniferylalcohol, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene, homovanillic acid, ferulic acid, 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and guaiacol, all of which are compounds with strong or moderate activity and four compounds with weak vir -inducing activity. In view of the specificity of vir -inducers, our data extended observations of others and enabled us to define the specific structural features of a vir -inducer molecule. In addition we show here that induction of the octopine Ti vir -genes is (i) optimal at 29° C and totally abolished at 37° C., and (ii) strongly inhibited at low concentrations of sodium chloride. The implications for plant transformation are discussed. | | Phytochemical Analysis Pca, 2003,14(3):127-31. | | Specificity of signal molecules in the activation of Agrobacterium virulence gene expression.[Reference: WebLink] | A method has been developed to determine the false-positive effects on acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the TLC assay based on Ellman's method.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Various aldehydes and amines have been tested in order to determine whether the observed inhibition is due to a true enzyme inhibition or due to the inhibition of the reaction between thiocholine and 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid). 4-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, diethylamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine and tyramine showed real enzyme inhibition, although their activity was about 10 3 times lower than that shown by galanthamine. Heptanal, decanal, cinnamaldehyde, anisaldehyde, benzaldehyde, hexylamine and tryptamine appeared to show a non-specific chemical inhibition.
CONCLUSIONS:
By checking this chemical inhibition on the TLC assay, the true enzyme inhibition could be distinguished from the false-positive chemical inhibition observed in the toluene extract of Nerine bowdenii in the course of isolation of active compounds. |
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