| Description: |
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside(SDG) is a phytoestrogen, estrogens and phytoestrogen from soy have been reported to have mild hypotensive effects, and SDG is a long-acting hypotensive agent, and that the hypotensive effect is mediated through the guanylate cyclase enzyme. SDG has strong antioxidant activity, cardioprotective effects, reduces the blood levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and reduces the risk of hormone related cancer. |
| In vivo: |
| J Physiol Biochem. 2014 Dec;70(4):961-9. | | Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats: a possible renoprotective effect.[Pubmed: 25316298] | Due to substantial morbidity and high complication rate of diabetes mellitus, which is considered as the third killer in the world, a search for the effective blockade of the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains a therapeutic challenge. Alternative antidiabetic drugs from natural plants are highly demanded nowadays.
The aim of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) on DN induced in rats.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by a high-fat diet (HFD) and an intraperitoneal 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Rats were divided into four groups: normal control rats, diabetic control rats, diabetic rats treated with SDG at 10 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, and diabetic rats treated with SDG at 20 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatment, blood and renal tissue samples were collected for biochemical examination. The results revealed that SDG treatment significantly increased insulin level and decreased blood glucose, fructosamine, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels in diabetic rats. Also, SDG significantly increased renal reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels. In addition, SDG downregulated the renal nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and upregulated renal survivin and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expressions when compared with untreated diabetic control rats.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study demonstrated, for the first time, the renoprotective effects of SDG in HFD/STZ-induced DN in rats through correction of hyperglycemia; attenuation of oxidative/nitrosative stress markers; downregulation of renal expressions of inflammatory markers NF-κB, TNF-α, and iNOS; along with upregulation of renal expressions of antiapoptotic markers survivin and Bcl-2. | | Int J Angiol. 2013 Dec;22(4):235-8. | | Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside (SDG) Isolated from Flaxseed, an Alternative to ACE Inhibitors in the Treatment of Hypertension.[Pubmed: 24436618] | Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside(SDG) is a plant lignan isolated from flaxseed and is phytoestrogen. SDG is a potent and long-acting hypotensive agent. Plant phytoestrogens have inhibitory effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The hypotensive effects of SDG, a phytoestrogen, may be mediated through inhibition of ACE. The objective of this study was to investigate if SDG-induced hypotension is mediated through inhibition of ACE.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The Sprague Dawley male rats were anesthetized and trachea was cannulated. The right jugular vein was cannulated to administer the drug and the carotid artery was cannulated to record arterial pressures using PIOEZ-1 miniature model transducer (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ) and Beckman dynograph (Beckman Instruments, Inc., Schiller Park, IL).
CONCLUSIONS:
The data suggest that SDG reduced the angiotensin I-induced rise in the arterial pressures and hence SDG is a potent ACE inhibitor. |
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