| Description: |
Isosinensetin shows antioxidant and HIV-1 protease inhibiting activities. |
| Targets: |
HIV |
| In vitro: |
| Phytomedicine. 2011 Jan 15;18(2-3):189-93. | | Isolation of adenosine, iso-sinensetin and dimethylguanosine with antioxidant and HIV-1 protease inhibiting activities from fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris[Pubmed: 20576416 ] | According to previous studies, a close relationship between oxidative stress and AIDS suggests that antioxidants might play an important role in the treatment of AIDS.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Cordyceps militaris was selected from nine edible mushrooms by assay of inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis. Macroporous adsorption resin and HPLC were used to purify three micromolecular compounds named L3a, L3b and L3c. L3a was identified to be adenosine with the molecular formula C(10)H(13)N(5)O(4); L3b was 6,7,2',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone with the molecular formula C(20)H(20)O(7), and L3c was dimethylguanosine with the molecular formula C(12)H(17)N(5)O(5). The compound 6,7,2',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone was first isolated from C. militaris. The assay of inhibition of HIV-1 protease (HIV-1 PR) was based on the fact that the expression of this enzyme can inhibit the growth of E. coli.
CONCLUSIONS:
This is a new screening system for HIV-1 PR inhibitors. Both L3a and L3b showed high inhibition to HIV-1 PR. These compounds could be new anti-HIV-1 PR drugs. |
|
| In vivo: |
| Toxicol Appl Pharmacol . 2019 Apr 15;369:49-59. | | Inhibitory effects of flavonoids on P-glycoprotein in vitro and in vivo: Food/herb-drug interactions and structure-activity relationships[Pubmed: 30790579] | | Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of polyphenol antioxygen, despite various known biological activities and therapeutic potential, scattered but not much is known about their interactions with drug transporters. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its substrates has been widely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of 75 flavonoids on P-gp in vitro and in vivo and to illuminate the structure-activity relationships of flavonoids with P-gp. Five flavonoids, including tangeretin, sinensetin, isosinensetin, sciadopitysin and oroxylin A exhibited significant inhibition on P-gp in MDR1-MDCKIIcells, which reduced the P-gp-mediated efflux of paraquat and taxol and consequently increased their cell toxicity. In addition, co-administration of digoxin with five flavonoids increased the AUC0-t of digoxin in different extents in rats, from 19.84% to 81.51%. Molecular docking assays elucidated the inhibitory effect of flavonoids might be related to Pi interactions, but not hydrogen bonds. The pharmacophore model suggested the hydrophobic groups in B benzene ring may play a vital role in the potency of flavonoids inhibition on P-gp. Taken together, our findings would provide the basis for a reliable assessment of the potential risks of flavonoid-containing food/herb-drug interactions in humans.
Keywords: Flavonoids; Inhibition; P-glycoprotein; Structure–activity relationships. |
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