| In vitro: |
| Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2014 Sep;39(17):3326-9. | | Research on bitter components from Coptis chinensis based on electronic tongue.[Pubmed: 25522621] |
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Isolated alkaloids from Coptis chinensis Franch. The compounds were identified as berberine, columbamine, Groenlandicine, jatrorrhizine, magnoflorine, corydaldine and ferulic acid methylester. Then measured their bitter degree based on the electronic tongue and evaluated the antibacterial. The results based on the Electronic Tongue showed that berberine, columbamine, Groenlandicine and jatrorrhizine have higher bitter degree than magnoflorine and corydaldine. And they also appeared better antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus. The correlation coefficients between bitter degree and the two bacteria antibacterial activity were 0.983 and 0.911.
CONCLUSIONS:
So there was close relationship between the bitter degree and antibacterial activity of bitter components.
Thus, it is confirmed further that bitter components are the material foundation of medicinal effectiveness of bitter herbs. | | J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Mar;57(3):367-74. | | Protective role of Coptidis Rhizoma alkaloids against peroxynitrite-induced damage to renal tubular epithelial cells.[Pubmed: 15807993 ] | A study was conducted to elucidate and compare the protective activity of alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma (berberine, coptisine, palmatine, epiberberine, jatrorhizine, Groenlandicine and magnoflorine) using an LLC-PK(1) cell under peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) generation model.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Treatment with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) led to an increase in cellular ONOO(-) generation in comparison with non-treated cells. However, Coptidis Rhizoma extract and its alkaloids, except for berberine, reduced the cellular ONOO(-) level. In addition, DNA fragmentation induced by SIN-1 was significantly decreased by the extract, and also by coptisine, epiberberine, jatrorhizine, Groenlandicine and magnoflorine. Moreover, treatment with berberine, coptisine, palmatine and epiberberine exerted a protective effect against G(0)/G(1)phase arrest of cell cycle induced by SIN-1. The increase in cellular ONOO(-) generation, DNA damage and disturbance of the cell cycle by SIN-1 resulted in a decrease in cell viability. However, Coptidis Rhizoma extract, epiberberine, jatrorhizine, Groenlandicine and magnoflorine significantly increased cell viability even at a concentration as low as 10 microg mL(-1).
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings demonstrate that Coptidis Rhizoma extract and its alkaloids can ameliorate the cell damage associated with ONOO(-) generation in renal tubular LLCPK(1) cells, and that the various alkaloids have distinctive mechanisms of action, such as ONOO(-) scavenging, protection from DNA damage and control of the cell cycle. Furthermore, the data suggest that among the Coptidis Rhizoma alkaloids, coptisine is the most effective for protection against SIN-1-induced cellular injury in terms of its potency and content. |
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